Issue

Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education (UED-JSHE)

Date Log

Submitted
May 23, 2021
Accepted
Jun 13, 2021
Published
Jun 21, 2021

THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC RISK PERCEPTION ON STUDENTS' BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION TOWARDS RETURNING HOME FOR STUDYING

https://doi.org/10.47393/jshe.v11i1.964
Bui Huynh Nguyen
The University of Danang, University of Economics, Vietnam
Phung Nam Phuong
phuongpn@due.edu.vn
The University of Danang - University of Economics, Vietnam

Corresponding Author(s) : Phung Nam Phuong

phuongpn@due.edu.vn

UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education (UED-JSHE)

Abstract

Due to the COVID-19 crisis, it is more difficult for international students to complete their study abroad. There has been little discussion concerning international students' perspectives regarding their study plan during this health-related crisis. Based on the frameworks of risk perception theory and the extended Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study highlights returning home for studying as a health-protective behaviour stemming from international students' perceptions of COVID-19 risk. In other words, overseas students' behavioural intention is scrutinized through the lens of the risk perception.


An online survey with random sampling method was administered to the Vietnamese students who were studying in the UK in February and March 2021. A total of 588 responses were collected for data analysis.


The results reveal that international students' cognitive and affective risk perceptions are positively related to their attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control over returning home for studying. There also exists a significant influence of both cognitive and affective risk perceptions on the students’ behavioural intention. Attitude, subject norms, and perceived behavioural control are considered significant mediators between risk perception and behavioural intention.


 

Keywords

affective risk perception xognitive risk perception COVID-19 international students theory of planned behaviour
Bui Huynh Nguyen, & Phung Nam Phuong. (2021). THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC RISK PERCEPTION ON STUDENTS’ BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION TOWARDS RETURNING HOME FOR STUDYING . UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, 11(1), 122-136. https://doi.org/10.47393/jshe.v11i1.964
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. Adefuye, A. S., Abiona, T. C., Balogun, J. A., & Lukobo-Durrell, M. (2009). HIV sexual risk behaviors and perception of risk among college students: Implications for planning interventions. BMC Public Health, 9(1), 281. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-281
  2. Alharbi, E. S., & Smith, A. P. (2018). Review of the literature on stress and wellbeing of international students in English-speaking countries. International Education Studies, 11(6), 22. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v11n6p22
  3. Alleyne, P. (2011). Using the theory of planned behaviour and risk propensity to measure investment intentions among future investors. Journal of Eastern Caribbean Studies, 36(1), 1-21.
  4. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1975). A Bayesian analysis of attribution processes. Psychological Bulletin, 82(2), 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076477
  5. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  6. Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40(4), 471–499. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466601164939
  7. Bae, S. Y., & Chang, P.-J. (2021). The effect of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) risk perception on behavioural intention towards ‘untact’ tourism in South Korea during the first wave of the pandemic (March 2020). Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 1017–1035. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1798895
  8. Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer behavior as risk taking. In Proceedings of the 43rd National Conference of the American Marketing Association, June 15, 16, 17, Chicago, Illinois, 1960. American Marketing Association.
  9. Bashir, I., & Madhavaiah, C. (2015). Consumer attitude and behavioural intention towards Internet banking adoption in India. Journal of Indian Business Research, 7(1), 67–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-02-2014-0013
  10. Bonnet, E., Amalric, M., Chevé, M., & Travers, M. (2012). Hazard and living environment: Combining industrial risk and landscape representations. Journal of Risk Research, 15(10), 1281–1298. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2011.646289
  11. BMI. (2020). Market Report Vietnam. https://bmiglobaled.com/Market-Reports/ Vietnam/education
  12. Brewer, N. T., Weinstein, N. D., Cuite, C. L., & Herrington, J. E. (2004). Risk perceptions and their relation to risk behavior. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 27(2), 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm2702_7
  13. Brug, J., Aro, A. R., Oenema, A., Zwart, O. de, Richardus, J. H., & Bishop, G. D. (n.d.). Sars risk perception, knowledge, precautions, and information sources, the Netherlands—Volume 10, number 8—August 2004—Emerging infectious diseases journal—Cdc. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1008.040283
  14. Brunsting, N. C., Zachry, C., & Takeuchi, R. (2018). Predictors of undergraduate international student psychosocial adjustment to US universities: A systematic review from 2009-2018. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 66, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2018.06.002
  15. Chen, M.-F., & Tung, P.-J. (2014). Developing an extended Theory of Planned Behavior model to predict consumers’ intention to visit green hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 221–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.09.006
  16. Chew, E. Y. T., & Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination image as a mediator between perceived risks and revisit intention: A case of post-disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.07.008
  17. Choi, J., Lee, A., & Ok, C. (2013). The effects of consumers’ perceived risk and benefit on attitude and behavioral intention: A study of street food. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(3), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013. 774916
  18. Cori, L., Bianchi, F., Cadum, E., & Anthonj, C. (2020). Risk perception and covid-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph17093114
  19. Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M., Burton, R., Magni, P. A., & Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries’ higher education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 09–28. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.1.7
  20. Ding, Y., Du, X., Li, Q., Zhang, M., Zhang, Q., Tan, X., & Liu, Q. (2020). Risk perception of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its related factors among college students in China during quarantine. PLOS ONE, 15(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237626
  21. Fishbein, M. (Ed.). (1967). Readings in attitude theory and measurement. Wiley.
  22. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1972). Attitudes and opinions. Annual Review of Psychology, 23(1), 487–544. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.23 .020172.002415
  23. Firang, D. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on international students in Canada. International Social Work, 63(6), 820–824. https://doi.org/10. 1177/0020872820940030
  24. George, J. F. (2004). The theory of planned behavior and Internet purchasing. Internet Research, 14(3), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240410542634
  25. Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(2), 87–98. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.2.87
  26. Iakovleva, T., Kolvereid, L., & Stephan, U. (2011). Entrepreneurial intentions in developing and developed countries. Education + Training, 53(5), 353–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/004009111111 47686
  27. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  28. Huang, L.-F., Chiang, C.-C., & Chen, H.-C. (2014). Willingness to pay of visitors for the nature-based public park: An extension of theory of planning behavior(Tpb). Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 35(5–6), 405–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2014.903701
  29. Lam, T., & Hsu, C. H. C. (2004). Theory of planned behavior: Potential travelers from china. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 28(4), 463–482. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348004267515
  30. Lee, J. E. C., Lemyre, L., & Krewski, D. (2010). A multi-method, multi-hazard approach to explore the uniqueness of terrorism risk perceptions and worry. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(1), 241–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00572.x
  31. Lee, K. (2009). Gender differences in Hong Kong adolescent consumers’ green purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910940456
  32. Loewenstein, G. F., Weber, E. U., Hsee, C. K., & Welch, N. (2001). Risk as feelings. Psychological bulletin, 127(2), 267. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.2.267
  33. MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
  34. Mackolil, J., & Mackolil, J. (2020). Addressing psychosocial problems associated with the COVID-19 lockdown. Asian journal of psychiatry, 51, 102156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102156
  35. Maichum, K., Parichatnon, S., & Peng, K. C. (2016). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior model to investigate purchase intention of green products among Thai consumers. Sustainability, 8(10), 1077. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8101077
  36. Martel, M., & Rumbley, L. (2020). Data collection is key to HE response on COVID-19 impact. University World News. https://www.university worldnews. com/post.php?story=20200409150034920
  37. Murray, D. R., & Schaller, M. (2012). Threat(S) and conformity deconstructed: Perceived threat of infectious disease and its implications for conformist attitudes and behavior: Infectious disease and conformity. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42(2), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.863
  38. Nguyen, T. H. (2020a). Lifting of Social Distancing Measures: Perspectives From Vietnam. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.238
  39. Nguyen, S. (2020b). Vietnam’s Pandemic Success Is a Lesson for the World. Global Asia. https://www.globalasia.org/v15no3/cover/vietnams-pandemic-success-is-a-lesson-for-the-world_sen-nguyen
  40. Phung, N. P., Higson, H., & Bartholomew, P. (2016). The Importance of Innovation in the Development of Transnational Education (TNE) From The UK to Vietnam. Discussion, Insight and the Latest Thinking in Innovation. UK-ASEAN INNOVATION CONFERENCE (UAIC), Vientiane, Laos.
  41. Phung, N.P., & Bui, H.N. (2021). The Post-pandemic Challenge: Development of Transnational Education Programme in Vietnam. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  42. Quintal, V. A., Lee, J. A., & Soutar, G. N. (2010). Risk, uncertainty and the theory of planned behavior: A tourism example. Tourism management, 31(6), 797-805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.006
  43. Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health education monographs, 2(4), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1177%2 F109019817400200403
  44. Rusu, O. (2020). International Student Plans – Impact of COVID-19. Studyportals. https://studyportals. com/intelligence/international-student-plans-impact-of-COVID-19/
  45. Sahu, P. (2020). Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. Cureus, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
  46. Salgues, B. (2016). Health industrialization. Elsevier.
  47. Shim, H., You, K. H., Lee, J. K., & Go, E. (2015). Why do people access news with mobile devices? Exploring the role of suitability perception and motives on mobile news use. Telematics and Informatics, 32(1), 108-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2014.05.002
  48. Slovic, P., & Peters, E. (2006). Risk perception and affect. Current directions in psychological science, 15(6), 322-325. https://doi.org/10.1111% 2Fj.1467-8721.2006.00461.x
  49. Sjöberg, L. (1998). Worry and risk perception. Risk analysis, 18(1), 85-93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00918.x
  50. Steiger, J. H. (2007). Understanding the limitations of global fit assessment in structural equation modeling. Personality and Individual differences, 42(5), 893-898. https://doi.org/10 .1016/j.paid.2006.09.017
  51. Stefani, G., Cavicchi, A., Romano, D., & Lobb, A. E. (2008). Determinants of intention to purchase chicken in Italy: the role of consumer risk perception and trust in different information sources. Agribusiness: An International Journal, 24(4), 523-537. https://doi.org/10.1002 /agr.20177
  52. Tandon, R. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic, personal reflections on editorial responsibility. Asian journal of psychiatry, 50, 102100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102100
  53. Van den Berg, H., Manstead, A. S., van der Pligt, J., & Wigboldus, D. H. (2006). The impact of affective and cognitive focus on attitude formation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(3), 373-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2005.04.009
  54. World Health Organization. (2020). Novel Coronavirus – China. https://www.who.int/csr/don/12-january-2020-novel-coronavirus-china/en/
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF (ENGLISH)
Statistic
Read Counter : 522 Download : 440

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.